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2026

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05

Application of High-Specific-Surface-Area Calcium Hydroxide in Flue-Gas Desulfurization in the Heating Industry

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Urban district heating systems and industrial heating boilers are typically operated seasonally: they run at full load during the winter months and remain shut down at low load for the rest of the year. This results in frequent start–stop cycles, significant fluctuations in flue‑gas sulfur content, and pronounced intermittent emissions. Moreover, small and medium‑sized heating boilers are often installed in confined spaces, making it impractical to deploy large-scale wet‑scrubbing desulfurization units. High‑specific‑surface calcium hydroxide, when paired with compact dry‑scrubbing systems, represents an economical and efficient desulfurization agent for the heating sector.
The flue gas from heating boilers has a moderate flow rate and frequent temperature fluctuations. The high‑specific‑surface calcium hydroxide exhibits rapid response, enabling the system to quickly meet desulfurization performance standards during boiler start‑up and shut‑down, thereby eliminating the risk of transient emissions exceeding regulatory limits. The reagent is compact and space‑efficient, well suited to the tight layouts of heating stations and requiring no large‑scale infrastructure modifications. Its excellent dispersibility ensures rapid mixing with flue gas, delivering efficient sulfur dioxide removal while simultaneously adsorbing particulate matter and other impurities, thus improving overall emission quality. Moreover, the reagent is easy to operate and maintain; its automated dosing system eliminates the need for dedicated on‑site personnel, addressing the current shortage of skilled operators in the heating industry.
Application data from the heating industry show that high‑specific‑surface‑area calcium hydroxide achieves a stable desulfurization efficiency of over 91%, meeting the ultra‑low emission standards for urban heating. The reagent is inexpensive, requires minimal consumption, keeps operating and maintenance costs manageable during the heating season, and can be conveniently stored—and remains stable—during the non‑heating period. The resulting desulfurization byproduct is non‑toxic and harmless, making it suitable for safe disposal as road‑base fill material. With its high specific surface area, calcium hydroxide aligns with the heating sector’s needs for intermittent operation, low cost, and ease of maintenance, thereby providing a reliable safeguard for clean urban heating and atmospheric pollution control.

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